The osteoarthritis of the knee joint in medical dictionaries is under the name of "gonarrosis."
What is it?A disease caused by a degenerative-devophic process that affects the cartilage of the hyaline knee.
The symptoms of the arthrosis of the joint develop slowly, for years, manifested by a painful sign that fetates the movements.Among other joint osteoarthritis, namely the knee, and not the hip, elbow, shoulder or phalanx, occupies a leadership position in the number of patients with suffering.
Statistical data leads to the conclusion that more than others, the osteoarthritis of the knee joint are submitted to people of forty and older, and for the most part between the weak half of the population.
Often, the development of the disease is observed in very young people, but is associated with lesions or excessive loads in athletes.
Causes
It is impossible to declare affirmatively the existence of a single reason that promotes the development of the osteoarthritis of the knee joint, however, it is shown that there are a certain set of provocative factors, under the influence of which the risk of such violation increases with age.In medicine, there are two mechanisms that explain the appearance of osteoarthritis:
- Primary: implies the main reason for the age factor (aging of the body and all tissues), as well as obesity, hereditary predisposition and regular physical activity throughout life.
- Secondary: It is found in 30% of patients with arthrosis of the joint and are explained by the result of an injury (leg fractures, ligament bursts and cartilage damage, meniscus).In such cases, osteoarthritis begins its manifestation after 3-4 years, and with serious damage even after a couple of months.
Some facts about joint gonarrosis.
In medical practice, there were cases in which people after 40 began active sports, particularly the race and intensive squats.With the changes related to the beginning of age, it is impossible to abruptly load the body and its individual parts, this can cause the activation of distributing and degenerative processes in the joints.
In addition to the lesions and serious damage, background diseases (psoria, rehumatoid arthritis; gout; varicose veins) can affect the appearance of osteoarthritis of the joint;
Professional sports, regular physical activity, hard work or weighting, frequent escalation by stairs to high -old floors can also lead to the development of the disease in the knee joint.In the risk zone there is a place for those who had column injuries, neurological diseases, diabetes mellitus, metabolic disorders and hereditary weakness of the ligament apparatus.
In half or even most cases of this joint disease, the root cause was a spasm in the muscles of the front surface of the thigh.Before the pain begins to manifest on the knees, this spasm can go unnoticed over a long period of time, at the time a person will cause discomfort, lumbar pain, tired condition and heaviness on the legs.The constant spasmodic state of the rectum and the lover muscle of the thigh ilíaca, over the years, "pulls" the knees, blocking its free circulation.
Sensational discovery in medicine.
More recently, Belgian orthopedic surgeons in the city of Leven discovered an anterolateral ligament (all) so far unknown and so far unexplored (all), located in the knee of a person.Another name of the ligament is "front line".
It was observed that some patients even after operating the knee ligaments felt the instability of the joint, as well as pain in minor charges.
Four -year studies in almost fifty knee joints gave their impressive "fruits" in the form of opening of this ligament, completely unknown until that same day.The anterolateral ligament provides the rotation function of the tibia.It requires surgical correction for the operations carried out after the lesions, which, by ignorance, the doctors of the orthopedists have always neglected.
The first, second and third degree of osteoarthritis of the knee joint
As they know, gonarrosis in most cases develops only in one of the joints, and given the intensity of pathological processes, medicine identified the 3 degrees of arthrosis of the joints:
1 grade
At this stage of the "emergency" of the disease, there is no bone and articular deformation, the manifestation of the disease is in the infrequent related to the loads of pain in the articulation.It is also possible swelling of the joint, which can disappear independently.
2 degrees
This stage is characterized by intense and long pain, growing with a small physical effort, walking, after gravity.You can clearly listen to a crunch in the joint.In the second stage, the deformation of the articulation begins to develop, which leads to a moderate movement restriction.
3 degrees
Symptoms develop and actively manifest.Regular pain leads to the disturbance of the march, the deformation of the joint is quite remarkable, its mobility is limited.Strengthening pain depends on change in climatic conditions.The penetrating nature of pain interrupts sleep, it is difficult to choose a convenient position.
What is the osteoarthritis of the knee joint?
- The block lock of the knee and the damage to the meniscus.This disease is characterized by active development, occurs after a glass without success in a knee with acute pain, which literally decreases after a quarter of an hour.The next day there is a knee swelling.
- Reactive, psoria, rheumatoid arthritis, joint rheumatism, gout.The main difference between osteoarthritis and arthritis is in the blood.The results of the analysis for osteoarthritis will not reveal any change, but in the results with arthritis everything will indicate the inflammatory process.
- Inflammation of knee tendons.Women after 40 years may feel pain in elevators and descents on the stairs and use.The pain is concentrated on the internal surface, without restrictions on the knees.
- Vascular knee pain.The pain occurs at the same time on two knees (symmetrically), often in adolescence with accelerated bone growth, it may appear as a result of climate change, with colds and physical activity.Patients call this "turning" knees status.
Symptoms of osteoarthritis of the knee joint
When the disease appears, the symptoms occur gradually.In the initial stage, only a minimum discomfort appears, insignificant pain of the walks on the stairs: this is Patel Syndrome -Finemoral.A distinctive feature of the osteoarthritis of the knee joint is an initial pain symptom.With a change of acute position from the seal to the position, the first steps take place with a lot of pain.However, the pain comes out with each movement, but can return after a tangible load.The external state of the knee does not change immediately.Only due to fluid accumulation, it can be released slightly or becoming spherical.
Initially, osteoarthritis leads to the fact that the blood supply to the hyaline cartilage is disturbed, over time it dries and cracks.Therefore, there are obstacles to the cartilage movement, which contribute to tissue microtrauma.In bone structures, growth is formed, which leads to an even more complicated intake of nutrients and cartilage degeneration.
Due to this pathology, the second stage is characterized by an increase in symptoms and for the appearance of severe pain, the slightest load.Resting, calm down, but continues to move again.It becomes impossible to bend the leg as much as possible because an acute pain interferes, a disgusting crunch shows when walking.
When osteoarthritis was finally impressed by the knee joint, the bone is completely deformed, there is practically no cartilage tissue.The pain does not give rest throughout the watch, lying and standing, the legs can be folded and becoming x or on figurative, walking without support to the patient is very difficult.
Diagnosis and treatment of osteoarthritis
The first degree of osteoarthritis does not allow the disease to be diagnosed using a normal exam, but in 2 and 3 notable deformations of the joint and the bones become a clear sign, the axis of the extremities changes, the movements are limited and accompanied by the creak.
In addition to the standard radiodiagnosis, more effective methods are used: these are CT and MRI.
Condroprotective agents are prescribed as a pharmacological treatment to replace synovial fluid.Also for treatment, intra -articular administration of steroid hormones may be required.Sanatorium resort treatment is very useful.
The treatment of osteoarthritis of the third grade knee joint should be complex and consist of drug and special procedures therapy, such as physiotherapy, therapeutic massage and gymnastics, and mud.
As a modern method of treatment, injections in knee joint are used for osteoarthritis, medications are used for this in the form of hyaluronic acid.It serves as a "liquid" prosthesis that performs the functions of a real synovial fluid that provides lubrication of joint surfaces, their nutrition and restoration.
In case of inaccessible treatment, the possibility of joint endoprothetic is not excluded, but only if the patient has an early age, osteoarthritis is severely expressed in pain and the movement is completely limited.
Diet
Interrupted exchange, integrity, obesity, all this can lead to additional load in the joints, especially to the weak.If the deforming osteoarthritis of the right or left knee joint has diagnosed, you must immediately check your daily diet.The light dishes prepared in a way without pretensions should prevail: boiled, worried or steamed.Its regular use will lead to a gradual and safe loss of additional kilos, which will please the joints, ligaments and all internal organs.
But also, the diet with osteoarthritis of the joints for treatment must combine products that favorably affect tissues, bones and cartilage, restorating them if possible.Here it is worth paying attention to a strong broth prepared from bones, a cold man and jelly.
Protein must also be present daily for treatment.You can remove it from chicken and rabbit meat, cheese and cottage cheese, as well as legumes.The sore joints need vitamin and immensely, so in the almond (or hazelnut) and baked fish, never refuse.
Useful carbohydrates are consumed of several cereals, sweet fruits and whole wheat bread.Eating with osteoarthritis of the knee joint cannot be represented without vegetables, their user is color cabbage, broccoli, zucchini, pumpkin and carrots.
Exercise therapy
The treatment with the help of physiotherapy exercises with osteoarthritis of the knee joint can only be an auxiliary method and according to the doctor.
Such gymnastics is very simple to execute and does not require any investment, but, despite this, it is very effective.Here are some exercises of exercise therapy with arthrosis of the joints:
- Lying on the floor, in the stomach you need to fold and fold the knee joints of both legs alternately.
- Turn at the back, pull the stomach of each leg in turn and return the leg to its original position.
- Make several dozen rotation movements with the lower limbs called "bicycle."
- Cross the leg in the type of imitation of "scissors."
The exercises for the arthrosis treatment of the joints are good to combine with massage.
Treatment with arthrosis massage of the knee joint can be performed independently, after having previously studied the correct technique of its implementation.
The administration of the portal categorically does not recommend self -medication and, in the first symptoms of the disease, he advises to see a doctor.Our portal presents the best specialized doctors who can register online or by phone.You can choose an adequate doctor yourself or we will collect it absolutely free.Also only when registered through us, the price of the consultation will be lower than in the clinic itself.This is our little gift for our visitors.Be healthy!